Early physical therapy could be associated with the absence of functional disability at 24-month follow-up in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
An observational and retrospective study
Abstract
Objective: To identify the variables associated with the absence of functional disability 24 months after the start of physical therapy (PT) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
Materials and method: An observational, analytical and retrospective study was conducted. Children aged from 1 to 16 years with JIA were admitted. Functional ability was assessed using the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with functional disability at 24-month follow-up. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: A total of 122 subjects met the inclusion criteria. Multivariate analysis showed that performing PT (6.83 ADJOR [95% CI 2.26 – 20.61]; p=0.001), performing PT within 12 months following the diagnosis (5.45 ADJOR [95% CI 1.83 to 16.18]; p= 0.002), baseline pain visual analogue scale (pVAS) <3 (4.55 ADJOR [95% CI 1.58 to 13.12]; p= 0.005), and pharmacological treatment adherence (15.23 ADJOR [95% CI 1.86 to 124.8]; p= 0.011) were independent factors of the absence of functional disability at 24-month follow-up.
Conclusion: Performing PT, performing early PT, baseline pVAS <3, and pharmacological treatment adherence were independently associated with the absence of functional disability at 24-month-follow-up. These results reinforce the need for early and regular PT and pharmacological treatment in children with JIA to maintain or improve functional ability over time.
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