Construction and interpretation of the Campbell diagram
Abstract
The assesment and monitoring of the work of breathing is essential in subjects hospitalized in intensive care units. The gold standard for its measurement is the Campbell diagram, which requires the placement of an esophageal balloon. The interpretation of the diagram is complex. It is widely used in the scientific field but not often applied in the clinical practice. In order to promote its implementation and facilitate its interpretation, the objective of this study is to describe the construction and interpretation of the Campbell diagram.
References
Brochard L, Martin GS, Blanch L, Pelosi P, Belda FJ, Jubran A, et al. Clinical review: Respiratory monitoring in the ICU - a consensus of 16. Crit Care. 2012;16(2):219. doi: 10.1186/cc11146. doi: 10.1186/cc11146
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Cabello B, Mancebo J. Work of breathing. Intensive Care Med. 2006 Sep;32(9):1311-4. doi: 10.1007/s00134-006-0278-3. doi: 10.1007/s00134-006-0278-3
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Pham T, Telias I, Beitler JR. Esophageal Manometry. Respir Care. 2020;65(6):772-792. doi: 10.4187/respcare.07425. doi: 10.4187/respcare.07425
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Tobin MJ. Why Physiology Is Critical to the Practice of Medicine: A 40-year Personal Perspective. Clin Chest Med. 2019;40(2):243-257. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2019.02.012. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2019.02.012
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Dorado JH. Instrumentación y adquisición válida de la presión esofágica. AJRPT. 2020; 2 (3): 50- 55. doi: https://doi.org/10.58172/ajrpt.v2i3.143 doi: 10.58172/ajrpt.v2i3.143
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Henderson WR, Chen L, Amato MBP, Brochard LJ. Fifty Years of Research in ARDS. Respiratory Mechanics in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;196(7):822-833. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201612-2495CI. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201612-2495CI
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Vaporidi K, Akoumianaki E, Telias I, Goligher EC, Brochard L, Georgopoulos D. Respiratory Drive in Critically Ill Patients. Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;201(1):20-32. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201903-0596SO. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201903-0596SO
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Kallet RH, Hemphill JC 3rd, Dicker RA, Alonso JA, Campbell AR, Mackersie RC, Katz JA. The spontaneous breathing pattern and work of breathing of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury. Respir Care. 2007;52(8):989-95.
Shapiro M, Wilson RK, Casar G, Bloom K, Teague RB. Work of breathing through different sized endotracheal tubes. Crit Care Med. 1986;14(12):1028-31. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198612000-00007. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198612000-00007
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Banner MJ, Kirby RR, Blanch PB. Differentiating total work of breathing into its component parts. Essential for appropriate interpretation. Chest. 1996;109(5):1141-3. doi: 10.1378/chest.109.5.1141. doi: 10.1378/chest.109.5.1141
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Banner MJ, Jaeger MJ, Kirby RR. Components of the work of breathing and implications for monitoring ventilator-dependent patients. Crit Care Med. 1994;22(3):515-23. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199403000-00024. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199403000-00024
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Lumb A. Pulmonary Ventilation. In: Lumb A. Nunn`s Applied Respiratory Phisiology. 7th Edition. UK: Elsevier; 2010. p. 83–98. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-2996-7.00006-4
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Vassilakopoulos T. Understanding wasted/ineffective efforts in mechanically ventilated COPD patients using the Campbell diagram. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34(7):1336-9. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1095-7. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1095-7
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Loring SH, Garcia-Jacques M, Malhotra A. Pulmonary characteristics in COPD and mechanisms of increased work of breathing. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009;107(1):309-14. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2009. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2009
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Chen S, Li Y, Zheng Z, Luo Q, Chen R. The analysis of components that lead to increased work of breathing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. J Thorac Dis. 2016;8(8):2212-8. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2016.08.01. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2016.08.01
Crossref
| Google Scholar
Mauri T, Yoshida T, Bellani G. Esophageal and transpulmonary pressure in clinical setting: meaning, usefulness and perspectives. Intensive Care Med 2016 (42): 1360- 1373. doi: 10.1007/s00134-016-4400-x
Crossref
| Google Scholar










